UK Market Analysis — Mauritius vs Trinidad & Tobago · Passage Export Group
Passage Export Group · Market Intelligence

Mauritius and its closest cousin.
The UK tells the story.

Two island nations. A similar demographic DNA — a history shaped by slavery from Africa and indentured labour from India. The same UK market. A methodology note on what the data reveals — and what it means for Mauritian food exports.

To benchmark Mauritius meaningfully, you need a country that shares similarities across multiple historical, social and economic dimensions. Trinidad & Tobago is that country.

Mauritius
Republic of Mauritius · Indian Ocean
Trinidad & Tobago
Republic of Trinidad and Tobago · Caribbean
Country Population
2024 estimate
1.26 million
Small island nation, densely populated. High urbanisation around Port Louis.
1.41 million
Two-island nation. Port of Spain is the commercial capital. Comparable scale to Mauritius in every meaningful dimension.
Population Makeup
Ethnic composition
Indo-Mauritian 68%
Afro-Mauritian 27%
Sino-Mauritian 3%
Franco-Mauritian 2%
Indo-Trinidadian 35%
Afro-Trinidadian 34%
Mixed Ethnicity 22.8%
Other 8.2%
UK Diaspora
First generation · ONS 2024 est.
~48,700
Concentrated in London and South East. Highly educated, relatively affluent. Second and third generation estimated at 120,000+.
~28,000
Strong presence in Notting Hill and regional hubs. Widely integrated into British Caribbean community. Mauritius has 1.7× more first-generation diaspora in the UK.
Cuisine Identity
National dishes and culinary lineage
Dholl Puri — split pea flatbread, a cornerstone of Mauritian street food
Farata & Rougaille — flatbread served with tomato-based sauce
Curries — rich Indian Ocean curries shaped by African, Indian and Chinese influence
Choko Dumplings — a distinctly Mauritian preparation
Achards & Mazavaroo — pickles and chilli pastes central to Mauritian cuisine
Roti — direct sibling to Farata; Indian indenture origin
Dhal Puri — split pea flatbread; direct parallel to Mauritian Dholl Puri
Doubles (Ti Pouri) — fried bread with curried chickpeas; a T&T street food icon
Curries & Pelau — Caribbean-Indian curries and one-pot rice dishes
Crab Dumplings — a shared culinary instinct across both islands
Freight Transit Time
To United Kingdom
~27 days
~21 days
Minimum Wage
Hourly rate · USD
$2.13 / hour
$3.03 / hour

Similar demographic DNA. One country generates 8.8 times more export value per diaspora person.

Mauritius — per diaspora person
$55 USD
Annual export value per first-generation Mauritian in the UK. Five product categories. UN Comtrade 2024. Total exports: $2.75M across 48,700 diaspora.
Trinidad & Tobago — per diaspora person
$486 USD
Annual export value per first-generation Trinidadian in the UK. Same five categories. Same data source. Same year. Total exports: $13.6M across 28,000 diaspora.
The gap
8.8×
Trinidad & Tobago generates 8.8 times more export value per diaspora person — from a country with 1.7 times fewer people in the UK.

Mauritius has the larger diaspora. Trinidad & Tobago has the larger export value. The gap is not explained by diaspora size, distance, or cuisine profile.

Five categories. One market. Every number from the same primary source.

HS Category Mauritius (USD) T&T (USD) Result
HS 09 Tea, Coffee & Spices
Mauritius: Bois Chéri tea, vanilla, curry spices  ·  T&T: Branded cocoa, jerk and curry mixes
$265,000 $550,000 T&T 2×
HS 19 Cereal & Pastry Preparations
Mauritius leads: a shelf-stable, UK-compliant product with mainstream distribution achieved. Proof that the model works when the product is export-ready  ·  T&T: Pasta, snacks, processed grains
$775,000 $350,000 Mauritius 2.2×
HS 20 Vegetable & Fruit Preparations
Mauritius: Achards, pickles — produced by SMEs, limited UK supermarket access  ·  T&T: Canned specialty vegetables, fruit pulps — in mainstream UK retail
$95,000 $1,100,000 T&T 12×
HS 21 Miscellaneous Edible Preparations
Mauritius: Mazavaroo, chilli pastes — primarily corner shops and diaspora stores  ·  T&T: Matouk's and Chief Brand sauces — in Tesco and Sainsbury's World Foods aisle
$410,000 $3,200,000 T&T 8×
HS 22 Beverages & Spirits
Mauritius: Phoenix Beer, Saint Aubin / New Grove / Chamarel rum, Pearona soft drinks  ·  T&T: Angostura Bitters (in 95% of UK bars), Carib & Stag beer, aged premium rum
$1,200,000 $8,400,000 T&T 7×
Total — five categories · UN Comtrade 2024 $2,745,000 $13,600,000
Diaspora population · ONS 2024 est. 48,700 28,000
Export value per diaspora person $55.44 $485.71

Both datasets sourced from UN Comtrade 2024. Same reporter methodology, same partner (UK), same HS chapters. Alcohol included on both sides — consistent treatment. Sugar, seafood and fresh fruit excluded from both.

Where the gap lives — and where Mauritius leads.

Mauritius
Trinidad & Tobago
HS 09
Tea, Coffee & Spices
MUS
$265k
T&T
$550k
HS 19
Cereal & Pastry ↑ Mauritius leads
MUS
$775k
T&T
$350k
HS 20
Veg & Fruit Prep
MUS
$95k
T&T
$1.1M
HS 21
Sauces & Condiments
MUS
$410k
T&T
$3.2M
HS 22
Beverages & Spirits
MUS
$1.2M
T&T
$8.4M
The exception — HS 19

Mauritius leads in HS 19. The category characteristics explain the outcome.

In cereal and pastry preparations, Mauritius outperforms Trinidad & Tobago — $775k versus $350k. The category is defined by products that are shelf-stable, UK-compliant, and suitable for mainstream distribution channels.

Products in this category do not require cold chain management, have long shelf lives, and meet standard UK import labelling requirements. These characteristics reduce barriers to retail ranging.

The category demonstrates that where product characteristics and compliance requirements align, Mauritian producers can achieve mainstream UK market penetration.

Mauritius HS 19
$775k
T&T HS 19
$350k
The lesson — HS 21

T&T leads in HS 21. The structural difference is bottling and compliance infrastructure.

Trinidad & Tobago generates $3.2M in sauces and condiment exports to the UK versus Mauritius's $410k. T&T producers in this category have standardised glass bottling, professional labelling, and UK-compliant ingredient declarations. They have met UK supermarket technical audit requirements and achieved mainstream retail ranging.

Mauritian producers in equivalent product categories — achards, chilli pastes, preserved condiments — are present primarily in specialist and diaspora retail channels. The product range exists. The compliance and packaging infrastructure required for mainstream retail entry is less developed.

The gap in HS 21 is structural rather than product-related.

Mauritius HS 21
$410k
T&T HS 21
$3.2M

Two island beverage traditions in the UK market. The export value and retail footprint differ significantly.

Mauritius · HS 22 · Total $1,200,000 USD
HS 2203 — Beer
Phoenix Beer
The primary Mauritian beer export to the UK. Present in Mauritian restaurants and specialist diaspora retail. Distribution is concentrated within diaspora-serving channels.
HS 2208 — Rum & Spirits
Agricultural & Infused Rums
Saint Aubin, New Grove, and Chamarel — agricultural and infused rums — are present in the UK premium spirits segment. Distribution is primarily through specialist retailers and on-trade accounts.
HS 2202 — Soft Drinks
Pearona, Phoenix Cider & Others
Pearona, Phoenix Cider and related soft drinks. Present in diaspora grocery channels. An established but limited-scale supply chain.
Trinidad & Tobago · HS 22 · Total $8,400,000 USD
HS 2208 — Bitters & Spirits
Angostura Bitters & Aged Rum
Angostura Bitters is the dominant contributor to T&T's HS 22 exports to the UK. It is stocked in the majority of UK cocktail bars and mainstream grocery retailers. Used as a standard ingredient in classic cocktail preparation. Bitters contribute approximately 8% of T&T's total food and beverage exports globally. Angostura aged rum is present in UK premium spirits retail.
HS 2203 — Beer
Carib & Stag Beer
Carib and Stag beer — distributed within the Caribbean diaspora retail network in the UK, and present in some mainstream off-licence channels.
HS 2208 — Premium Rum
Aged Rum Category
A mature aged-rum market competing at high price points in UK luxury retail — a category where Mauritius has strong products but limited mainstream positioning to date.

Four methodological decisions — and why we made them.

01
Why the same data source for both countries

Both Mauritius and T&T figures are drawn from the UN Comtrade Database 2024 — the same reporter methodology, the same partner country (UK), the same HS chapters. This eliminates methodological inconsistency. There is no data advantage for either country in this comparison. Mirror data (what the UK reports as imports from each country) was cross-referenced against each country's reported exports for accuracy verification.

02
Why we divide by diaspora population

Absolute export values are not a fair comparison — Mauritius has 1.7 times more first-generation diaspora in the UK than T&T. Dividing by diaspora population gives the export value per diaspora person — a normalised metric that accounts for the difference in diaspora size. Diaspora figures use ONS 2024 Estimated Resident Population by country of birth. Second and third generation ancestry figures are higher and not included in the denominator.

03
Why alcohol is included on both sides

Both island nations have significant beverage export identities — Mauritius through beer, agricultural rum and soft drinks; T&T through Angostura Bitters and aged rum. Excluding either side's alcohol would distort the comparison. The inclusion is consistent and symmetric. Passage's mandate extends to helping Mauritian beverage producers reach international markets — Phoenix, Saint Aubin, New Grove, and Chamarel are all within scope.

04
Why T&T is Mauritius's closest cousin

The comparator was selected on four criteria applied simultaneously: similar population size (1.26M vs 1.41M); near-identical demographic composition (both with significant Indo-descendant and Afro-descendant populations shaped by the same 19th century colonial history); comparable shipping distance and freight cost to the UK (28–32 days, $2,500–$4,000 per container from both); and direct cuisine equivalence — roti/farata, doubles/dholl puri, bottled condiments, island rum. No other country meets all four criteria simultaneously.

Same exclusion logic applied to both countries.

Mauritius — excluded categories
HS 17
Cane Sugar
Historic commodity export — not cuisine identity
HS 03/16
Seafood & Fish Preparations
Excluded from both sides for data integrity
HS 08
Fresh Tropical Fruit
Lychees, pineapples — fresh produce, not processed cuisine
Trinidad & Tobago — excluded categories
HS 27
Petroleum Products
T&T is a significant oil exporter — non-food, excluded entirely
HS 03
Seafood
Excluded from both sides for data integrity
HS 08
Fresh Fruit
Fresh produce — same principle as Mauritius

Neither set of exclusions flatters one side over the other. Both are applied symmetrically to isolate the five categories — HS 09, 19, 20, 21, 22 — that represent processed and prepared food and beverage exports: the categories that carry cuisine identity, brand value, and commercial infrastructure into international markets.

Every number in this analysis is traceable to a primary source.

Source 01
UN Comtrade Database

Primary source for all trade data — both Mauritius and T&T exports to the UK. Queried by reporter country, partner (UK), HS Chapters 09, 19, 20, 21, 22. Mirror data cross-referenced.

comtradeplus.un.org

United Nations Comtrade Database (2024), Annual International Trade Statistics by HS Code.
Source 02
ITC Trade Map

Secondary verification. Cross-referenced HS Chapter 21 sub-products to distinguish sauces (HS 2103) from other preparations. Mirror data validation between UK import records and island export records.

trademap.org

International Trade Centre (ITC) (2024), Trade Map: Trade statistics for international business development.
Source 03
UK Office for National Statistics

Diaspora population figures for Mauritius and T&T in the UK. Estimated Resident Population 2024 by country of birth. First-generation only.

ons.gov.uk

Office for National Statistics (2024), Estimated Resident Population by Country of Birth. Newport: ONS.
Source 04
Freightos / iContainers Index

Shipping transit time and freight cost data for Port Louis → London Gateway and Port of Spain → Felixstowe. Confirms distance parity — a key element of the comparator rationale.

Freightos Baltic Index (2024), Container freight rate data — Port Louis and Port of Spain to UK.
Source 05
IMF World Economic Outlook

GDP per capita comparison confirming comparable economic profiles — both nations above $10,000 USD per capita, both classified as high-income island economies unable to compete on cheap labour.

International Monetary Fund (2024), World Economic Outlook Database. GDP per capita, current prices.
Source 06
WITS — World Bank

Cross-referenced HS chapter classifications and confirmed category definitions for both countries. Population makeup data verified for the demographic comparison.

wits.worldbank.org

World Bank (2024), World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS). Global Trade Analysis and Country Profiles.
Scroll to Top